THE RELEVANCE OF ANCIENT THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT IN SHAPING MODERN CIVILIZATIONS

Abstract

Ancient theological thought, rooted in early religious traditions, has long played a foundational role in the development of human civilization. This article examines the enduring influence of ancient theological ideas—from Mesopotamian, Vedic, Judaic, Zoroastrian, and Greco-Roman religious frameworks—on the philosophical, legal, ethical, and sociopolitical structures of modern societies. Through comparative analysis and historical contextualization, the study illustrates how ancient beliefs concerning morality, divine justice, cosmology, and human purpose continue to inform contemporary legal systems, human rights discourses, educational models, and governance practices. By exploring both continuity and reinterpretation, this paper reveals the lasting relevance of ancient theology in shaping the moral and institutional frameworks of modern civilizations.