THE EVOLUTION OF RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM AND ITS IMPACT ON MODERN CIVILIZATION

Abstract

Religious fundamentalism, a response to modernity and globalization, has emerged as a significant force in contemporary societies, shaping politics, cultural norms, and social structures. The evolution of religious fundamentalism traces its origins from the late 19th century, spanning various religious traditions, including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Hinduism. This article explores the key historical developments that have contributed to the rise of fundamentalist movements, the role of technology and media in spreading ideologies, and the impact of fundamentalism on modern civilization. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the article discusses the intersection of religion, politics, and culture, emphasizing the effects on education, human rights, governance, and international relations. The findings suggest that while religious fundamentalism has provided a sense of identity and stability for many, it has also led to division, conflict, and the erosion of democratic values in some parts of the world.