RELIGION AND SCIENCE: THEOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN IDENTITY

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies has prompted profound questions about human identity, consciousness, and the theological implications of creating machines that mimic human cognition. This paper explores the intersection of religion and science by examining theological perspectives on AI and its impact on the understanding of human nature. Drawing from Islamic and Christian theological frameworks, the study analyzes concepts such as the soul, consciousness, and moral agency in the context of AI development. The paper argues that while AI can simulate aspects of human intelligence, it lacks the divine essence that characterizes human beings. The discussion emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that embraces technological innovation while upholding the sanctity of human identity as understood in religious traditions.