ETHICS OF WAR AND PEACE IN ISLAMIC AND CHRISTIAN THEOLOGIES: A COMPARATIVE THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This paper explores the theological frameworks underpinning the ethics of war and peace within Islamic and Christian traditions. While both religions emphasize peace as an ideal, they also provide structured ethical justifications for war under specific conditions. Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh al-jihad) and Christian just war theory (jus ad bellum and jus in bello) offer nuanced criteria for the legitimacy and conduct of war. The study compares foundational texts, interpretations by classical scholars, and the evolution of thought in both traditions in light of modern challenges. Through comparative theological analysis, the article demonstrates both convergence and divergence in the ethical paradigms of these Abrahamic faiths, offering insights for interfaith dialogue and conflict resolution in a globalized world.